
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum
Emperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.C.) was a really legendary figure in China’s history. He took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had established the first feudal empire in China.
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was supposed to be mechanical and as long as one get into the Mausoleum, he will be cursed, and because of curses, the Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could be known when it is opened.
However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.
No.1 Pit was discovered by the villagers of Xiyang Village. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council.

the Terra-cotta Warriors
The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and color-painted. As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colors. However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colors, and few of them are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colors.

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